What should I look for during buyer inspections?

Buying Tips

2 Nov

When inspecting a property, whether it’s your potential new home or an investment, a thorough, informed inspection can make all the difference. Not only does it help you spot immediate issues, but it also provides insight into the future maintenance and value of the property. This guide will walk you through the key things to look for during an inspection, offering tips and areas to focus on to make an informed, confident decision.

1. Structural Integrity

Walls and Ceilings: Check for cracks, unevenness, or bulges in the walls and ceilings, which could indicate foundational issues. Some minor cracks are normal due to settling, but larger cracks may suggest structural concerns.
Floors: Uneven or sloping floors may be a sign of foundational movement or structural problems. Pay attention to any creaks, especially in older homes.
Roof and Gutters: Examine the roof for missing, broken, or warped tiles or shingles, as these can lead to leaks. Well-maintained gutters without rust or sagging also indicate proper drainage, crucial to preventing water damage.

2. Water Damage and Plumbing

Moisture and Dampness: Look for signs of moisture or water damage on walls, especially in areas near bathrooms, kitchens, or basements. Musty smells can also indicate hidden dampness.
Water Stains: Dark spots on ceilings and walls can suggest past or present leaks. Check around window sills and below sinks, as well.
Water Pressure: Run taps, showers, and flush toilets to assess water pressure. Low water pressure could indicate issues with the plumbing system or even hidden leaks.

3. Electrical System

Outlets and Switches: Test a few outlets and light switches to make sure they are functioning. An electrician can evaluate if the electrical system is up-to-date, but you can still check for faulty outlets and old wiring signs like burning smells or scorch marks.
Circuit Breaker: Check for a modern circuit breaker panel instead of an outdated fuse box. This is a sign that the electrical system may have been updated to meet current safety standards.

4. Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)

Heating System: Test the heating system to ensure it’s functioning. If the property has a gas heater, check for any unusual smells, as gas leaks can be hazardous.
Air Conditioning: Turn on the air conditioning to check for cool air output and efficient functioning.
Ventilation: Poor ventilation can lead to dampness and mold, especially in bathrooms, kitchens, and basements. Look for exhaust fans and windows in areas with high moisture levels.

5. Pests and Termites

Signs of Infestation: Termites and other pests can cause extensive, costly damage. Check for small piles of wood dust, hollow-sounding wood, or visible nests.
Moisture and Wood Rot: Termites thrive in damp conditions, so any moist or rotting wood can be a warning sign. Look in areas like basements, attics, and near foundations where termites often invade.

6. Windows and Doors

Condition: Check that all windows and doors open, close, and lock properly. Old or poorly fitted windows and doors may need replacing or fixing.
Double Glazing: Double glazing is a sign of good insulation, which helps with energy efficiency. Look for condensation between panes in double-glazed windows, as it can indicate a broken seal.

7. Insulation and Energy Efficiency

Walls, Roof, and Flooring: Ask about insulation, as this significantly impacts energy bills and comfort levels. Look for signs like wall cavity insulation, roof insulation, and double-glazed windows.
Water Heater: The age and type of water heater can affect energy bills. Tankless water heaters, for example, are more energy-efficient than traditional tanks.
Appliances: Energy-efficient appliances such as refrigerators, stoves, and dishwashers are better for the environment and can save on utility bills.

8. Kitchen and Bathrooms

Cabinet Condition: Check for any signs of warping or water damage inside cabinets, especially under sinks, where leaks might go unnoticed.
Fixtures: Turn on faucets and check for leaks, rust, and water pressure. Make sure all fixtures, including the stove, oven, and refrigerator, are functioning if included in the sale.
Bathroom Ventilation: Bathrooms without proper ventilation can develop mold over time, so check for exhaust fans and windows.

9. Outdoor Areas and Landscaping

Drainage: Observe if water flows away from the property. Poor drainage can lead to foundation problems and water damage over time. Check for signs of pooling water near the property’s foundation.
Fencing and Gates: If the property includes fencing, make sure it is in good condition. Fences should be stable, free of rust, and without rotting wood.
Trees and Shrubs: Trees too close to the house can pose risks to the foundation or roof during storms. They may also increase maintenance and cause issues with pests.

10. Foundation and Basement

Foundation Cracks: Small cracks may not be serious, but larger cracks or shifting could indicate foundational instability, which can be costly to repair.
Basement Moisture: If the property has a basement, look for dampness or mold, which can indicate water issues. A dry basement is a good sign of proper drainage and structural health.

11. Security Features

Locks and Alarms: Ensure all locks work, especially on windows, doors, and any entry points.
Alarm Systems and Cameras: Modern homes often come with security systems. Test these systems if they’re included in the sale, and check for any subscriptions required to maintain monitoring.

12. Legal and Compliance Aspects

Building Permits: Ask if any recent renovations or additions were made and verify they were done with proper permits. Illegal extensions or remodels can be problematic and may not meet local building codes.
Compliance Certificates: Inquire about compliance certificates for plumbing, electrical, and gas installations. These ensure the installations meet local safety standards.

Questions to Ask During the Inspection

When was the roof last replaced or repaired? Roof repairs or replacements are a significant expense, so it’s worth knowing its age.
Is the property energy-efficient? Ask about insulation, heating systems, and water heaters to gauge potential future energy costs.
Any previous pest treatments or infestations? The seller’s disclosure may reveal if the property has a history of pest issues, which may need ongoing treatment.

Tips for a Successful Inspection

Bring a Checklist: A checklist will help you cover all areas, even if you’re feeling overwhelmed.
Document with Photos: Photos help capture specific areas you may want to revisit, ask about, or share with a professional for assessment.
Take Your Time: Don’t rush the inspection. Pay attention to the details, and don’t hesitate to ask questions.
Consider Professional Inspections: For major concerns, it’s wise to hire professionals like a structural engineer, electrician, or plumber for further assessment.

Final Thoughts

A property inspection is a vital step in making an informed purchase, as it helps identify potential expenses, necessary repairs, and long-term maintenance needs. With this checklist, you’ll be able to assess the property’s true condition and potential risks more confidently. Remember, the inspection can also offer leverage in negotiations, potentially giving you the power to request repairs or a price reduction based on your findings.

By thoroughly inspecting a property, you’re better positioned to make a smart investment in a home that not only meets your needs but also holds its value over time.

Craig Nichol